{"id":49640,"date":"2026-02-13T11:25:42","date_gmt":"2026-02-13T11:25:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/?p=49640"},"modified":"2026-02-13T11:25:45","modified_gmt":"2026-02-13T11:25:45","slug":"kanuri-et-mbororo-citoyens-partout-proteges-nulle-part","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/index.php\/2026\/02\/13\/kanuri-et-mbororo-citoyens-partout-proteges-nulle-part\/","title":{"rendered":"Kanuri et Mbororo : citoyens partout, prot\u00e9g\u00e9s nulle part"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ils naissent ici, \u00e9tudient l\u00e0-bas, travaillent encore ailleurs. Entre Cameroun, Tchad et Nigeria, des milliers de jeunes grandissent avec des identit\u00e9s multiples mais sans protection claire. Pour les jeunesses transfrontali\u00e8res, la citoyennet\u00e9 se vit au quotidien comme une ligne de fracture plut\u00f4t que comme un droit garanti.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Femmes Kanuri en procession d’un village \u00e0 l’autre.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00c0 Kouss\u00e9ri, Fotokol, Kolofata ou Amchid\u00e9, la fronti\u00e8re n\u2019est pas une barri\u00e8re: c\u2019est une habitude. \u00abMon p\u00e8re est n\u00e9 au Tchad, ma m\u00e8re au Cameroun, j\u2019ai \u00e9tudi\u00e9 au Nigeria\u00bb, raconte Mahamat, 33 ans, Kanuri. \u00ab Quand tout va bien, on dit que nous sommes des peuples fr\u00e8res. Quand il y a un probl\u00e8me, on devient des \u00e9trangers\u00bb, souligne-t-il. Cette citoyennet\u00e9 \u00e0 g\u00e9om\u00e9trie variable fa\u00e7onne la vie des jeunes Kanuri, et Mbororo. Ils parlent plusieurs langues, ma\u00eetrisent plusieurs codes, mais peinent \u00e0 se faire reconna\u00eetre un statut clair. R\u00e9sultat: une jeunesse mobile, adaptable, mais structurellement vuln\u00e9rable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans ces espaces frontaliers, l\u2019administration suit rarement les trajectoires r\u00e9elles. Les papiers manquent, les adresses changent, les parcours scolaires se fragmentent. \u00ab\u00c0 chaque concours, on me demande de prouver d\u2019o\u00f9 je viens\u00bb, confie Awa, 23 ans, Kanuri. \u00abJe viens d\u2019ici et d\u2019ailleurs. Mais sur le formulaire, il faut choisir\u00bb. Choisir, c\u2019est souvent perdre. Sans documents complets, l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019emploi, aux bourses, aux programmes de jeunesse devient al\u00e9atoire. Les contr\u00f4les de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, fr\u00e9quents dans les zones sensibles, transforment la mobilit\u00e9 en suspicion permanente. \u00abOn nous demande toujours: tu es d\u2019o\u00f9, vraiment? \u00bb, l\u00e2che Ibrahim, 26 ans, Mbororo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Identit\u00e9s multiples, droits fragment\u00e9s
<\/strong>Loin d\u2019\u00eatre une faiblesse, la pluralit\u00e9 identitaire est une richesse culturelle. Mais elle devient un handicap lorsque les \u00c9tats n\u2019harmonisent ni leurs politiques de jeunesse ni leurs dispositifs de protection. Les jeunes Mbororo, pasteurs transhumants, en font l\u2019exp\u00e9rience quotidienne: acc\u00e8s irr\u00e9gulier \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole, soins de sant\u00e9 discontinus, reconnaissance administrative incertaine. Dans ce vide, la solidarit\u00e9 communautaire prend le relais. R\u00e9seaux familiaux, chefferies traditionnelles, associations transfrontali\u00e8res organisent l\u2019entraide. \u00abSi tu tombes malade de l\u2019autre c\u00f4t\u00e9, c\u2019est la communaut\u00e9 qui te sauve\u00bb, explique un leader associatif \u00e0 Banki. Ces m\u00e9canismes amortissent les chocs, sans toutefois apporter la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 juridique<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00e9curit\u00e9 sans protection
<\/strong>Ironie cruelle: ces jeunesses vivent au c\u0153ur des strat\u00e9gies s\u00e9curitaires r\u00e9gionales sans en \u00eatre les b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires. Les fronti\u00e8res se militarisent, les contr\u00f4les se multiplient, mais la protection juridique ne suit pas. \u00abOn nous voit comme des risques, rarement comme des citoyens \u00bb, d\u00e9plore Awa. Cette perception alimente la d\u00e9fiance. Apr\u00e8s la pr\u00e9sidentielle du 12 octobre 2025, les r\u00e9seaux sociaux ont servi d\u2019exutoire. Des jeunes ont d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 l\u2019invisibilisation de leurs r\u00e9alit\u00e9s, l\u2019absence de politiques adapt\u00e9es, la r\u00e9duction de leur mobilit\u00e9 \u00e0 la moindre menace. La parole a circul\u00e9 vite, puis s\u2019est heurt\u00e9e au silence institutionnel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ces jeunes ne r\u00e9clament pas des passe-droits. Ils demandent la coh\u00e9rence dans un milieu fortement sous-scolaris\u00e9: reconnaissance des parcours transfrontaliers, acc\u00e8s harmonis\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation et \u00e0 l\u2019emploi, documents adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 des vies mobiles. \u00abNous sommes Camerounais, Tchadiens, Nig\u00e9rians par l\u2019histoire\u00bb, r\u00e9sume Awa. \u00abMais nous voulons \u00eatre prot\u00e9g\u00e9s quelque part\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tom<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ils naissent ici, \u00e9tudient l\u00e0-bas, travaillent encore ailleurs. Entre Cameroun, Tchad et Nigeria, des milliers de jeunes grandissent avec des identit\u00e9s multiples mais sans protection claire. Pour les jeunesses transfrontali\u00e8res, la citoyennet\u00e9 se vit au quotidien comme une ligne de fracture plut\u00f4t que comme un droit garanti. \u00c0 Kouss\u00e9ri, Fotokol, Kolofata ou Amchid\u00e9, la fronti\u00e8re […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49641,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-integration-regionale","category-main-courante"],"yoast_head":"\nKanuri et Mbororo : citoyens partout, prot\u00e9g\u00e9s nulle part - Int\u00e9gration<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kanuri et Mbororo : citoyens partout, prot\u00e9g\u00e9s nulle part\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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