{"id":49592,"date":"2026-02-12T10:44:03","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T10:44:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/?p=49592"},"modified":"2026-02-12T10:46:30","modified_gmt":"2026-02-12T10:46:30","slug":"mireille-ndzianga-les-saupoudrages-budgetaires-et-le-fmi-ont-faconne-cette-paralysie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/index.php\/2026\/02\/12\/mireille-ndzianga-les-saupoudrages-budgetaires-et-le-fmi-ont-faconne-cette-paralysie\/","title":{"rendered":"Mireille Ndzianga : \u00ables saupoudrages budg\u00e9taires et le FMI ont fa\u00e7onn\u00e9 cette paralysie\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sp\u00e9cialiste des organisations r\u00e9gionales africaines, la Gabonaise d\u00e9crypte les m\u00e9canismes financiers et les contraintes externes qui ont conduit la Cemac \u00e0 fonctionner en service minimum, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant les limites de l\u2019int\u00e9gration et la fragilit\u00e9 g\u00e9opolitique de l\u2019Afrique centrale.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

La Cemac fonctionne fonctionne d\u00e9sormais en service minimum. Comment en est-on arriv\u00e9 l\u00e0 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Merci. Pour comprendre, il faut regarder la structure financi\u00e8re et la gouvernance de l\u2019institution. Depuis des ann\u00e9es, la Cemac fonctionne avec des budgets insuffisants et des m\u00e9canismes de financement fragment\u00e9s. Les contributions des \u00c9tats membres sont souvent vers\u00e9es en retard, et la Taxe communautaire d\u2019int\u00e9gration (TCI), qui devrait assurer la base financi\u00e8re de la Commission, n\u2019est pas collect\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re r\u00e9guli\u00e8re. R\u00e9sultat : les projets sont lanc\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re ponctuelle, mais jamais pleinement financ\u00e9s. Ce que certains appellent les \u00ab saupoudrages \u00bb budg\u00e9taires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pouvez-vous expliquer ce que vous entendez par \u00ab saupoudrages \u00bb ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il s\u2019agit de r\u00e9partir les ressources disponibles sur de multiples projets, sans qu\u2019aucun ne soit r\u00e9ellement prioritaire. Plut\u00f4t que de financer correctement un programme pour qu\u2019il aboutisse, on injecte de petites sommes ici et l\u00e0. Les initiatives avancent, mais lentement, de mani\u00e8re discontinue, et souvent avec des r\u00e9sultats limit\u00e9s. C\u2019est ce qui explique que certains programmes communautaires semblent exister sur le papier, mais restent inefficaces sur le terrain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et le FMI ? Quel r\u00f4le joue-t-il dans cette situation ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le FMI a une influence consid\u00e9rable. Lors du sommet de Brazzaville le 22 janvier, ses experts ont recommand\u00e9 \u00e0 la Commission de c\u00e9der une grande partie de son r\u00f4le \u00e0 l\u2019outil financier int\u00e9gr\u00e9 qu\u2019est le Pref-Cemac,. Je pense que l\u2019id\u00e9e \u00e9tait de s\u00e9curiser les flux financiers avant de poursuivre les projets. Mais cela a eu pour effet imm\u00e9diat de ralentir l\u2019ensemble de l\u2019action administrative. Le service minimum est donc aussi le produit d\u2019un ajustement externe : la Cemac doit se conformer aux recommandations financi\u00e8res internationales, au d\u00e9triment parfois de sa propre autonomie op\u00e9rationnelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Certains pourraient voir cela comme un choix pragmatique. Qu\u2019en pensez-vous ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u2019est vrai que, sur le papier, le Pref-Cemac est cens\u00e9 renforcer la discipline financi\u00e8re et garantir la viabilit\u00e9 des projets. Mais le probl\u00e8me est que la Commission est d\u00e9j\u00e0 faible et d\u00e9pendante des \u00c9tats membres. Les recommandations du FMI, bien qu\u2019utiles, accentuent la tendance \u00e0 la prudence excessive. Au lieu de permettre un vrai pilotage strat\u00e9gique, elles favorisent le statu quo : les bureaux continuent d\u2019exister, mais les projets stagnent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comment cette situation affecte-t-elle la cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 et le poids g\u00e9opolitique de la Cemac ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gravement. Sur le plan r\u00e9gional, la Cemac devient un bloc dispers\u00e9. Alors que d\u2019autres organisations africaines comme la CEDEAO ou la SADC renforcent leur influence, l\u2019Afrique centrale para\u00eet incapable de coordonner des r\u00e9ponses rapides aux crises politiques, s\u00e9curitaires ou \u00e9conomiques. Les partenaires et investisseurs internationaux per\u00e7oivent une institution lente, peu fiable, et cela affaiblit la capacit\u00e9 de n\u00e9gociation collective des \u00c9tats membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Certains observateurs \u00e9voquent des malversations financi\u00e8res pr\u00e9sum\u00e9es au sein de la Cemac. Qu\u2019en pensez-vous?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il faut distinguer les faits av\u00e9r\u00e9s des rumeurs. Officiellement, aucune enqu\u00eate publique n\u2019a confirm\u00e9 de malversations, mais lors du sommet de Brazzaville le 22 janvier, les experts du FMI ont reconnu que la Cemac souffrait de faiblesses structurelles dans la gestion de ses finances. Selon eux, certaines pratiques internes, comme les d\u00e9caissements retard\u00e9s et les r\u00e9partitions budg\u00e9taires fragment\u00e9es, contribuent \u00e0 une perception de manque de rigueur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lire plus : Commission de la Cemac : les voyants passent du vert au rouge en quelques semaines<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans les coulisses, des fonctionnaires et partenaires, sous couvert d\u2019anonymat, confirment ce diagnostic : ce n\u2019est pas forc\u00e9ment de la malversation intentionnelle, mais un syst\u00e8me o\u00f9 les budgets sont \u00ab saupoudr\u00e9s \u00bb sur plusieurs projets, sans suivi rigoureux, ce qui g\u00e9n\u00e8re inefficacit\u00e9 et soup\u00e7ons. Le FMI a donc explicitement soulign\u00e9 que ces insuffisances doivent \u00eatre corrig\u00e9es pour restaurer la confiance et assurer une gouvernance financi\u00e8re plus transparente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peut-on esp\u00e9rer une r\u00e9forme qui r\u00e9tablisse l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de la Commission ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oui, mais cela n\u00e9cessite trois \u00e9l\u00e9ments : d\u2019abord, une discipline budg\u00e9taire stricte, avec un recouvrement r\u00e9gulier de la TCI et un engagement clair des \u00c9tats. Ensuite, un pilotage strat\u00e9gique capable de prioriser les projets au lieu de les saupoudrer. Enfin, un \u00e9quilibre entre respect des recommandations du FMI et autonomie institutionnelle. Sans cela, la Cemac restera coinc\u00e9e entre budgets insuffisants, recommandations externes et attentes r\u00e9gionales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour conclure, quel message souhaitez-vous faire passer aux \u00c9tats membres et aux partenaires internationaux ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Cemac est un outil strat\u00e9gique pour l\u2019Afrique centrale. La laisser fonctionner en service minimum, avec des financements insuffisants et des projets fragment\u00e9s, c\u2019est affaiblir tout l\u2019espace r\u00e9gional. Il faut une volont\u00e9 politique forte pour consolider l\u2019institution, harmoniser les financements et garantir que les projets aboutissent. Les saupoudrages et la d\u00e9pendance au FMI ne doivent pas remplacer la responsabilit\u00e9 collective des \u00c9tats membres. La stabilit\u00e9 et l\u2019influence de la r\u00e9gion en d\u00e9pendent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9my Biniou<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sp\u00e9cialiste des organisations r\u00e9gionales africaines, la Gabonaise d\u00e9crypte les m\u00e9canismes financiers et les contraintes externes qui ont conduit la Cemac \u00e0 fonctionner en service minimum, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant les limites de l\u2019int\u00e9gration et la fragilit\u00e9 g\u00e9opolitique de l\u2019Afrique centrale. La Cemac fonctionne fonctionne d\u00e9sormais en service minimum. Comment en est-on arriv\u00e9 l\u00e0 ? Merci. Pour comprendre, il […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49593,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49592","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-integration-regionale","category-zoom"],"yoast_head":"\nMireille Ndzianga : \u00ables saupoudrages budg\u00e9taires et le FMI ont fa\u00e7onn\u00e9 cette paralysie\u00bb - Int\u00e9gration<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mireille Ndzianga : \u00ables saupoudrages budg\u00e9taires et le FMI ont fa\u00e7onn\u00e9 cette paralysie\u00bb\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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