{"id":44771,"date":"2025-07-04T14:32:32","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T14:32:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/?p=44771"},"modified":"2025-07-04T14:32:34","modified_gmt":"2025-07-04T14:32:34","slug":"quand-les-peuples-deviennent-complices-de-la-confiscation-du-pouvoir-en-afrique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/index.php\/2025\/07\/04\/quand-les-peuples-deviennent-complices-de-la-confiscation-du-pouvoir-en-afrique\/","title":{"rendered":"Quand les peuples deviennent complices de la confiscation du pouvoir en Afrique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u2019Afrique continue d\u2019\u00eatre le th\u00e9\u00e2tre de sc\u00e8nes politiques o\u00f9 des pr\u00e9sidents s\u2019accrochent au pouvoir malgr\u00e9 les lois, les constitutions et les principes d\u00e9mocratiques.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Jean Claude Djereke<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Si les projecteurs se braquent souvent sur ces dirigeants jug\u00e9s \u00ab\u00a0assoiff\u00e9s de pouvoir\u00a0\u00bb, il serait malhonn\u00eate de ne pas \u00e9voquer le r\u00f4le actif \u2013 ou \u00e0 tout le moins complice \u2013 que jouent certains segments de la population. Une partie du peuple, au lieu d\u2019exiger le respect des r\u00e8gles d\u00e9mocratiques, supplie parfois les dirigeants de rester, les \u00e9rige en demi-dieux, en p\u00e8res de la nation \u00e9ternels, comme si le destin du pays d\u00e9pendait d\u2019un seul homme. Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne, loin d\u2019\u00eatre anodin, refl\u00e8te une pathologie d\u00e9mocratique profonde : la personnification du pouvoir et l\u2019instrumentalisation de la voix populaire pour justifier l\u2019injustifiable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. Quand le peuple r\u00e9clame ce qu\u2019il devrait d\u00e9noncer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les 20 et 21 juin 2025, lors du congr\u00e8s du Rassemblement des Houphou\u00ebtistes pour la D\u00e9mocratie et la Paix (RHDP) en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, Patrick Achi, ancien Premier ministre, implore le pr\u00e9sident Alassane Ouattara de se repr\u00e9senter \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle d\u2019octobre : \u201cNe nous abandonnez pas. Si vous ne voulez pas le faire pour nous, faites-le \u00e0 cause de Dieu.\u201d Cette phrase, lourde de signification, r\u00e9sume \u00e0 elle seule le glissement op\u00e9r\u00e9 dans certaines soci\u00e9t\u00e9s africaines o\u00f9 l\u2019appel au divin devient un argument politique pour justifier la transgression des r\u00e8gles constitutionnelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pourtant, Alassane Ouattara avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 enfreint en 2020 la Constitution qui limitait les mandats pr\u00e9sidentiels \u00e0 deux. Malgr\u00e9 cela, des voix se sont \u00e9lev\u00e9es non pour d\u00e9noncer cette violation, mais pour l’encourager \u00e0 continuer, y compris parmi des enseignants d\u2019universit\u00e9, cens\u00e9s \u00eatre les garants du savoir et de l\u2019\u00e9thique publique.
La situation n\u2019est pas isol\u00e9e. Au Cameroun, en f\u00e9vrier 2025, un collectif d\u2019universitaires et de membres de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile appelle \u00e0 une nouvelle candidature de Paul Biya, \u00e2g\u00e9 de 92 ans, au pouvoir depuis 1982. Ces appels ne sont pas faits dans l’int\u00e9r\u00eat du peuple, mais dans une logique d’all\u00e9geance, de client\u00e9lisme, de privil\u00e8ges. \u00c0 \u00e9couter ces discours, on croirait que, sans le pr\u00e9sident en place, le pays va s\u2019\u00e9crouler, comme si la stabilit\u00e9 d\u2019une nation tenait \u00e0 la long\u00e9vit\u00e9 d\u2019un seul homme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. Le mythe de l\u2019homme providentiel: une illusion dangereuse<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce culte du chef n\u2019est pas propre \u00e0 un pays ou un r\u00e9gime. \u00c0 travers le continent, la rengaine est toujours la m\u00eame: \u201cPr\u00e9sident, nous te voulons encore au pouvoir, tu travailles bien, tu es le meilleur candidat.\u201d Ces \u00e9loges, parfois creux, rel\u00e8vent davantage de la flatterie int\u00e9ress\u00e9e que d\u2019un v\u00e9ritable jugement politique. Dans certains cas, le bilan du pr\u00e9sident est m\u00e9diocre: h\u00f4pitaux d\u00e9labr\u00e9s, \u00e9coles sans enseignants, routes impraticables, ch\u00f4mage end\u00e9mique. Pourtant, les appels \u00e0 la r\u00e9\u00e9lection affluent.
Pourquoi donc cette contradiction ? Pourquoi les populations r\u00e9clament-elles la reconduction de dirigeants qui n\u2019ont pas v\u00e9ritablement am\u00e9lior\u00e9 leur quotidien ? La r\u00e9ponse est simple : l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat personnel l\u2019emporte souvent sur l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral. Les partisans de ces chefs d\u2019\u00c9tat ne d\u00e9fendent pas toujours un projet politique ou une vision de soci\u00e9t\u00e9, mais les avantages, les postes, les march\u00e9s, les nominations qu\u2019ils esp\u00e8rent obtenir ou conserver. La loyaut\u00e9 se monnaye, et le silence devient complice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

III. Le respect du mandat : une le\u00e7on d\u00e9mocratique oubli\u00e9e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019une des grandes le\u00e7ons de la d\u00e9mocratie est que \u201cnul n\u2019est indispensable\u201d. L\u2019histoire des nations prouve que les hommes passent, mais les institutions demeurent. L\u2019exemple de Barack Obama est souvent cit\u00e9 \u00e0 juste titre. Lorsqu\u2019il quitte la pr\u00e9sidence des \u00c9tats-Unis, il est encore jeune, populaire, et porteur d\u2019id\u00e9es. Pourtant, il choisit de respecter la Constitution qui limite les pr\u00e9sidents \u00e0 deux mandats. Il aurait pu modifier la loi ou chercher un subterfuge, mais il ne l\u2019a pas fait, parce qu\u2019il savait que la force d\u2019une d\u00e9mocratie repose sur le respect des r\u00e8gles, pas sur le charisme d\u2019un homme.
Ce contraste est r\u00e9v\u00e9lateur. Dans certains pays africains, les Constitutions sont devenues des textes mall\u00e9ables, modifiables \u00e0 souhait pour satisfaire les ambitions d\u2019un individu. Le peuple, au lieu de d\u00e9fendre ces textes comme les piliers de sa souverainet\u00e9, les foule aux pieds en soutenant ceux qui les violent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV. Vers une nouvelle conscience citoyenne<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il est temps que les peuples africains prennent conscience de leur r\u00f4le dans le maintien ou la rupture de ces cycles autoritaires. L\u2019heure est venue de mettre fin \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9go\u00efsme politique. On ne soutient pas un pr\u00e9sident uniquement parce qu\u2019il est de notre ethnie, de notre religion, ou parce qu\u2019il nous accorde des faveurs personnelles. Il faut avoir le courage de dire non, m\u00eame \u00e0 celui qu\u2019on admire, lorsque son mandat est termin\u00e9 ou lorsqu\u2019il ne respecte pas les lois du pays.
La d\u00e9mocratie n\u2019est pas un buffet o\u00f9 l\u2019on choisit ce qui nous arrange. C\u2019est un ensemble de principes qui s\u2019appliquent \u00e0 tous, sans exception. Si nous voulons des \u00e9coles, des h\u00f4pitaux, des routes, de la justice et de la paix, nous devons d\u2019abord exiger le respect des institutions. Cela commence par dire non \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence \u00e0 vie, non \u00e0 la d\u00e9ification des dirigeants, non \u00e0 la voix qui pr\u00e9tend parler au nom de Dieu pour maintenir un homme au pouvoir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les peuples africains doivent cesser de se comporter en complices de leur propre servitude. La d\u00e9mocratie est un combat de chaque jour, et elle commence par le courage de tenir t\u00eate aux puissants. Il faut d\u00e9sapprendre l\u2019ob\u00e9issance aveugle, refuser l\u2019idol\u00e2trie politique et remettre l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat collectif au centre des priorit\u00e9s. Certes, \u00ab\u00a0vox populi, vox Dei\u00a0\u00bb mais la voix qui appelle un dictateur ou un incomp\u00e9tent \u00e0 rester au pouvoir n\u2019est pas la voix de Dieu. Elle est celle de la peur, de la r\u00e9signation, de l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat personnel. Et tant que cette voix dominera, les promesses de libert\u00e9, de progr\u00e8s et de dignit\u00e9 resteront de vains mots sur un continent en qu\u00eate de renaissance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jean-Claude DJEREKE<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019Afrique continue d\u2019\u00eatre le th\u00e9\u00e2tre de sc\u00e8nes politiques o\u00f9 des pr\u00e9sidents s\u2019accrochent au pouvoir malgr\u00e9 les lois, les constitutions et les principes d\u00e9mocratiques. Si les projecteurs se braquent souvent sur ces dirigeants jug\u00e9s \u00ab\u00a0assoiff\u00e9s de pouvoir\u00a0\u00bb, il serait malhonn\u00eate de ne pas \u00e9voquer le r\u00f4le actif \u2013 ou \u00e0 tout le moins complice \u2013 que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43605,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[53,11,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ambassades","category-editorial","category-integration-nationale"],"yoast_head":"\nQuand les peuples deviennent complices de la confiscation du pouvoir en Afrique - Int\u00e9gration<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/index.php\/2025\/07\/04\/quand-les-peuples-deviennent-complices-de-la-confiscation-du-pouvoir-en-afrique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quand les peuples deviennent complices de la confiscation du pouvoir en Afrique - Int\u00e9gration\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019Afrique continue d\u2019\u00eatre le th\u00e9\u00e2tre de sc\u00e8nes politiques o\u00f9 des pr\u00e9sidents s\u2019accrochent au pouvoir malgr\u00e9 les lois, les constitutions et les principes d\u00e9mocratiques. 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