{"id":43997,"date":"2025-05-23T14:58:43","date_gmt":"2025-05-23T14:58:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/?p=43997"},"modified":"2025-05-27T12:01:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-27T12:01:06","slug":"contrat-social-en-afrique-subsaharienne-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/23\/contrat-social-en-afrique-subsaharienne-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent\/","title":{"rendered":"Contrat social en Afrique subsaharienne : les riches rient, les pauvres pleurent"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Le probl\u00e8me se manifeste en Afrique subsaharienne par la mont\u00e9e des revendications sociales et de l\u2019instabilit\u00e9.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"844\" height=\"710\" src=\"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Illustration-article-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43998\" srcset=\"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Illustration-article-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent.jpeg 844w, https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Illustration-article-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent-300x252.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Illustration-article-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent-768x646.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Illustration-article-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent-499x420.jpeg 499w, https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Illustration-article-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent-640x538.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Illustration-article-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent-681x573.jpeg 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est une \u00e9quation \u00e0 deux variables que tente de r\u00e9soudre la Banque mondiale au sujet des avanc\u00e9es \u00e9conomiques de l\u2019Afrique subsaharienne. Le lin\u00e9aire inh\u00e9rent fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 des troubles sociaux croissants, l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 politique et la stagnation des opportunit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques d\u2019une part et les faibles performances des pouvoirs publics d\u2019autre part. Il en r\u00e9sulte une situation marqu\u00e9e par la faible confiance des populations en leurs dirigeants et leur faible engagement civique. Ce qui a pour effet de raviver des tensions existantes, conduisant ainsi \u00e0 la multiplication des mouvements des mouvements de revendications sociales et des conflits, l\u2019ascension des groupes arm\u00e9s non \u00e9tatiques, la militarisation de politique. L\u2019Afrique centrale n\u2019\u00e9chappe pas \u00e0 cette description. Les violences dans l\u2019Est de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo ont fait plus de 4,6 millions de d\u00e9plac\u00e9s, tandis que les exactions des groupes terroristes dans le Bassin du Lac Tchad a entrain\u00e9 le d\u00e9racinement de plus de 2,9 millions de personnes \u00e0 ce jour. \u00ab Bien que les manifestations ont toutes tendances \u00e0 \u00eatre des \u00e9v\u00e8nements tr\u00e8s localis\u00e9s, elles sont toutes d\u00e9clench\u00e9es, dans une certaine mesure, par le m\u00e9contentement des citoyens face \u00e0 leurs moyens de subsistance, les possibilit\u00e9s d\u2019emplois et l\u2019acc\u00e8s au service public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Les citoyens africains consid\u00e8rent le ch\u00f4mage, une meilleure gestion de l\u2019\u00e9conomie et l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux services de sant\u00e9 comme des priorit\u00e9s absolues, et ne sont pas satisfaits de la gestion de ces questions par les pouvoirs publics\u00bb, rapporte l\u2019institution de Breton Wood. Le listing des griefs remis au go\u00fbt du jour cible les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales ; avec en fond de toile, le favoritisme envers des sur le favoritisme envers les riches et des personnes ayant des relations politiques au d\u00e9triment de l\u2019ensemble de la population. Cela est visible \u00e0 bien des niveaux, notamment sur le plan fiscal. \u00ab Alors que les Etats peuvent am\u00e9liorer les r\u00e9sultats en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 par le biais des imp\u00f4ts et des transferts, la politique fiscale tend \u00e0 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de mani\u00e8re disproportionn\u00e9e aux plus riches, en particulier par le biais d\u2019exon\u00e9rations fiscales. Bien qu\u2019elles soient souvent politiquement opportunes, les exon\u00e9rations fiscales peuvent entrainer une perte de revenus tout en aggravant l\u2019in\u00e9galit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me fiscal. Par exemple les exon\u00e9rations sur la Taxe sur la valeur ajout\u00e9e qui repr\u00e9sentent environ la moiti\u00e9 des d\u00e9penses fiscales totales, profitent en grande partie aux m\u00e9nages \u00e0 revenus sup\u00e9rieurs \u00bb, rapporte l\u2019institution. Le pouvoir aux riches En Afrique subsaharienne, le bien \u00eatre des populations est fortement impact\u00e9 par les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s entretenues par les dirigeants au travers de la concentration des pouvoirs entre les mains de quelques personnes. Laquelle est un frein \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation des ressources financi\u00e8res pour le bien collectif. \u00ab Lorsque le pouvoir est concentr\u00e9, les d\u00e9cideurs ont des motivations fauss\u00e9es les incitants \u00e0 se livrer \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s de recherche de rente o\u00f9 les politiques \u00e9conomiques sont con\u00e7ues et mises et en oeuvre pour privil\u00e9gier les int\u00e9r\u00eats de l\u2019\u00e9lite plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 investir dans des opportunit\u00e9s de march\u00e9 et d\u2019emploi \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle. En cons\u00e9quence, les \u00e9conomies de cette nature manquent d\u2019une base productive large et du dynamisme entrepreneurial n\u00e9cessaire pour \u00e9largir les opportunit\u00e9s et renforcer la r\u00e9silience face aux \u00e9v\u00e8nements mondiaux. Ces distorsions nuisent \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 budg\u00e9taire des pouvoirs publics et se traduisent par des niveaux d\u2019endettement plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s\u00bb, souligne le rapport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong><em>Louise Nsana<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le probl\u00e8me se manifeste en Afrique subsaharienne par la mont\u00e9e des revendications sociales et de l\u2019instabilit\u00e9. C\u2019est une \u00e9quation \u00e0 deux variables que tente de r\u00e9soudre la Banque mondiale au sujet des avanc\u00e9es \u00e9conomiques de l\u2019Afrique subsaharienne. Le lin\u00e9aire inh\u00e9rent fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 des troubles sociaux croissants, l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 politique et la stagnation des opportunit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43998,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25,51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43997","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-integration-regionale","category-zoom"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Contrat social en Afrique subsaharienne : les riches rient, les pauvres pleurent - Int\u00e9gration<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/23\/contrat-social-en-afrique-subsaharienne-les-riches-rient-les-pauvres-pleurent\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Contrat social en Afrique subsaharienne : les riches rient, les pauvres pleurent - Int\u00e9gration\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le probl\u00e8me se manifeste en Afrique subsaharienne par la mont\u00e9e des revendications sociales et de l\u2019instabilit\u00e9. 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