{"id":43705,"date":"2025-05-06T14:41:37","date_gmt":"2025-05-06T14:41:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/?p=43705"},"modified":"2025-05-06T14:41:40","modified_gmt":"2025-05-06T14:41:40","slug":"proposition-de-dissolution-des-partis-politiques-au-mali-un-naufrage-democratique-en-perspective","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/06\/proposition-de-dissolution-des-partis-politiques-au-mali-un-naufrage-democratique-en-perspective\/","title":{"rendered":"Proposition de dissolution des partis politiques au Mali\u00a0: un naufrage d\u00e9mocratique en perspective"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Au Mali, le\u200bs\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0consultations sur la relecture de la Charte des partis politiques\u00a0\u00bb, organis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019initiative des autorit\u00e9s\u00a0\u200bmilitaires\u00a0de transition, se sont achev\u00e9es le mardi 29\u00a0avril\u200b\u00a02025. Les participants ont formul\u00e9 plusieurs\u00a0recommandations\u200b,\u200b\u00a0dont la prolongation de la transition pour une dur\u00e9e de cinq ans\u200b\u00a0et la\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0suspen\u200bsion de\u00a0toutes les questions \u00e9lectorales\u00a0\u00bb jusqu’\u00e0 la \u00ab\u00a0pacification\u00a0\u00bb du pays\u200b.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Le chef de la junte, le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Assimi Go\u00efta, \u200b a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9 au rang de pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique et\u200b il lui a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9galement recommand\u00e9 de dissoudre les partis politiques\u200b et de durcir les conditions de leur cr\u00e9ation. Si ces recommandations sont valid\u00e9es par le chef de la junte, elles consacrent un recul du pluralisme politique obtenu de haute lutte depuis la chute de Moussa Traor\u00e9, le 26 mars 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u200b<\/strong>\u00c9ric Topona Moncga, journaliste \u00e0 la Deutsche Welle<\/em>, \u00e0 Bonn (Allemagne)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Au commencement \u00e9tait une transition qui ne devait pas s\u2019\u00e9tendre au-del\u00e0 de deux ann\u00e9es. Au fur et \u00e0 mesure que les ann\u00e9es passent, la transition politique au Mali n\u2019a eu de cesse de s\u2019\u00e9terniser, \u00e0 tel point que nombre d\u2019observateurs se sont trouv\u00e9s en droit de se demander, \u00e0 juste titre, si un retour \u00e0 l\u2019ordre constitutionnel \u00e9tait toujours envisageable. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans cet intervalle de temps d\u00e9cid\u00e9ment interminable, les militaires au pouvoir \u00e0 Bamako ont \u00e9voqu\u00e9, chaque fois qu\u2019ils sont interpell\u00e9s sur cette question cruciale, l\u2019imp\u00e9ratif de s\u00e9curiser le pays et de r\u00e9tablir son int\u00e9grit\u00e9 territoriale. C\u2019est \u00e0 se demander si les pays qui ont tenu des \u00e9lections en Afrique depuis que le pluralisme politique est devenu la r\u00e8gle \u00e9taient tous pacifi\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le S\u00e9n\u00e9gal a tenu depuis des d\u00e9cennies des \u00e9lections d\u00e9mocratiques, alors que le conflit en Casamance n\u2019\u00e9tait pas encore r\u00e9solu. Le Nigeria a organis\u00e9 des \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles en 2023, dont les r\u00e9sultats ont \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s en 48 h, alors que la pieuvre terroriste de Boko Haram n\u2019est pas encore enti\u00e8rement neutralis\u00e9e. Le Tchad, tout aussi engag\u00e9 dans un processus de transition politique, a organis\u00e9 des \u00e9lections g\u00e9n\u00e9rales inclusives tout en continuant le combat contre les nombreuses menaces \u00e0 ses fronti\u00e8res.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019argument de la \u00ab pacification \u00bb du pays est d\u2019autant moins recevable dans l\u2019environnement international extr\u00eamement instable qui limite toute pr\u00e9vision fiable sur le long terme, voire le moyen et le court terme, que nul ne peut pr\u00e9dire ce que sera le monde \u00e0 tr\u00e8s court terme. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il y a \u00e0 peine un semestre, nul ne pouvait pr\u00e9voir un retournement g\u00e9ostrat\u00e9gique majeur des \u00c9tats-Unis dans le conflit russo-ukrainien, avec ses cons\u00e9quences \u00e0 la cha\u00eene sur l\u2019ensemble de la sc\u00e8ne politique internationale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moins encore, la guerre commerciale f\u00e9roce que Donald Trump livre au reste du monde cr\u00e9e une nouvelle donne totalement impr\u00e9vue qui diminue consid\u00e9rablement les possibilit\u00e9s budg\u00e9taires de nombreux \u00c9tats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Front patriotique et Union sacr\u00e9e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si nul ne met en doute la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pour les autorit\u00e9s actuelles du Mali de r\u00e9tablir l\u2019autorit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat sur l\u2019ensemble du territoire national, la question qu\u2019il est l\u00e9gitime de se poser est celle de savoir si le pouvoir central \u00e0 Bamako pourra efficacement mener la guerre contre le terrorisme djihadiste jusqu\u2019\u00e0 son \u00e9radication en divisant le pays comme il ne l\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En effet, il y a plut\u00f4t lieu de redouter qu\u2019elles obtiennent l\u2019effet inverse de celui recherch\u00e9. L\u2019histoire des pays qui font face \u00e0 des agressions ext\u00e9rieures atteste que, lorsque la nation doit combattre un ennemi commun \u00e0 ses fronti\u00e8res, seul un front patriotique le plus large possible peut venir \u00e0 bout de cette menace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cet imp\u00e9ratif strat\u00e9gique se justifie d\u2019autant plus que les forces arm\u00e9es maliennes sont confront\u00e9es \u00e0 une guerre pour l\u2019essentiel asym\u00e9trique. Les terroristes, comme dans la plupart des pays confront\u00e9s \u00e0 cette menace, se fondent dans la population ou en font partie depuis des lustres. Comme l\u2019a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 le r\u00e9cent rapport du Timbuktu Institute, les terroristes du \u200b Groupe de soutien \u00e0 l’islam et aux musulmans\u200b (JNIM) ne cessent de gagner du terrain dans l\u2019ouest du Mali, en raison entre autres d\u2019un d\u00e9litement du lien social, du d\u00e9classement d\u2019une jeunesse en proie \u00e0 la persistance du ch\u00f4mage et \u00e0 l\u2019absence des services sociaux de base et des perspectives d\u2019avenir. D\u00e8s lors, ces segments de la population deviennent des proies facilement manipulables par les terroristes salafistes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u200b<\/strong>Du pain b\u00e9ni pour les djihadistes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plut\u00f4t que\u200b de proposer la dissolution d\u200b\u2019une centaine de formations politiques, dont les plus importantes du pays, ne fallait-il pas organiser une vaste concertation afin de cr\u00e9er cette n\u00e9cessaire Union sacr\u00e9e face \u00e0 une menace qui ne cesse de progresser, en d\u00e9pit du discours officiel de moins en moins rassurant\u2009? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cette recommandation formul\u00e9e par des partisans de la junte militaire qui fait le lit de m\u00e9contentements de plus en plus grandissants est plut\u00f4t, en r\u00e9alit\u00e9, du pain b\u00e9ni pour les terroristes qui pourraient les exploiter pour r\u00e9pandre leur cat\u00e9chisme pseudo-religieux et criminel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La dissolution \u200bannonc\u00e9e des formations politiques est par ailleurs hautement pr\u00e9occupante sous l\u2019angle du respect du pluralisme politique et de l\u2019avenir de la gouvernance au Mali. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depuis quelque temps, en Afrique subsaharienne francophone, notamment dans les pays de la nouvelle Alliance des \u00c9tats du Sahel, se fait entendre un discours qui fait le proc\u00e8s de la d\u00e9mocratie et estime que ce syst\u00e8me politique n\u2019a pas permis d\u2019apporter aux Africains la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique et la souverainet\u00e9 r\u00eav\u00e9es. Or, c\u2019est une grave erreur d\u2019appr\u00e9ciation que de limiter la revendication des peuples africains, depuis les ann\u00e9es 1990 et pour une meilleure gouvernance, \u00e0 la d\u00e9mocratie formelle, apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e9chec des partis uniques. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par ailleurs, l\u2019un des principaux reproches qui \u00e9tait fait \u00e0 ce syst\u00e8me de gouvernance, c\u2019\u00e9tait l\u2019absence de reddition des comptes et la centralisation excessive du pouvoir d\u2019\u00c9tat entre les mains d\u2019un seul homme, voire d\u2019une clique. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le plus d\u00e9plorable durant ces d\u00e9cennies, c\u2019est que, dans la plupart de ces \u00c9tats \u00e0 parti unique, les promesses de progr\u00e8s social et de construction d\u2019un \u00c9tat moderne et solide n\u2019ont gu\u00e8re \u00e9t\u00e9 tenues, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 leur effondrement dans le sillage de la faillite du communisme sovi\u00e9tique qui fut leur mod\u00e8le d\u2019inspiration. L\u2019une des vertus du pluralisme politique, et non des moindres, est son potentiel de dissuasion contre certains abus de pouvoir et autres d\u00e9rives autocratiques. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La mobilisation actuelle des forces politiques qui s\u2019oppose \u00e0 ce verrouillage sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent de la vie politique au Mali, comme nagu\u00e8re au Burkina Faso et au Niger, est gravement pr\u00e9occupante pour l\u2019Afrique tout enti\u00e8re. C\u2019est une p\u00e9riode de graves incertitudes qui s\u2019ouvre et devrait mobiliser l\u2019Union \u200bafricaine, dont ces pays demeurent membres, en d\u00e9pit de leur retrait de la \u200bCEDEAO\u200b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u200bGageons que le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Assimi Go\u00efta\u200b prendra la mesure de la situation en ne mettant pas en musique ces recommandations, notamment celle relative \u00e0 la suppression des partis politiques. La survie de la d\u00e9mocratie malienne ch\u00e8rement acquise en d\u00e9pend.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Au Mali, le\u200bs\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0consultations sur la relecture de la Charte des partis politiques\u00a0\u00bb, organis\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019initiative des autorit\u00e9s\u00a0\u200bmilitaires\u00a0de transition, se sont achev\u00e9es le mardi 29\u00a0avril\u200b\u00a02025. Les participants ont formul\u00e9 plusieurs\u00a0recommandations\u200b,\u200b\u00a0dont la prolongation de la transition pour une dur\u00e9e de cinq ans\u200b\u00a0et la\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0suspen\u200bsion de\u00a0toutes les questions \u00e9lectorales\u00a0\u00bb jusqu’\u00e0 la \u00ab\u00a0pacification\u00a0\u00bb du pays\u200b. Le chef de la junte, le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nProposition de dissolution des partis politiques au Mali\u00a0: un naufrage d\u00e9mocratique en perspective - Int\u00e9gration<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Proposition de dissolution des partis politiques au Mali\u00a0: un naufrage d\u00e9mocratique en perspective\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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