{"id":43347,"date":"2025-04-17T09:33:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-17T09:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/?p=43347"},"modified":"2025-04-16T15:36:30","modified_gmt":"2025-04-16T15:36:30","slug":"serie-sur-les-heros-africains-victor-biaka-boda-martyr-de-la-lutte-anticoloniale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journalintegration.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/17\/serie-sur-les-heros-africains-victor-biaka-boda-martyr-de-la-lutte-anticoloniale\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e9rie sur les h\u00e9ros africains\u00a0: Victor Biaka Boda, martyr de la lutte anticoloniale\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

C\u2019est un h\u00e9ros et un martyr de la lutte anticolonialiste. Il est regrettable que sa famille biologique n\u2019ait jamais vu son corps, qu\u2019il n\u2019ait pas eu droit \u00e0 une s\u00e9pulture digne, que F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny et ses successeurs n\u2019aient pas daign\u00e9 reconna\u00eetre son sacrifice et honorer sa m\u00e9moire. Mort pour la patrie, cet homme ne peut continuer d\u2019\u00eatre ignor\u00e9 pendant que les rues, avenues et boulevards de la capitale \u00e9conomique portent les noms des \u201cAngoulvant, Clozel, Chardy, Nogu\u00e8s et autres massacreurs chamarr\u00e9s, les pires symboles de la colonisation\u201d (Marcel Amondji).\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Un proverbe bh\u00e9t\u00e9 enseigne que, \u00ablorsque les abeilles finissent de fabriquer le miel, elles disparaissent et ce sont les mouches qui apparaissent\u00bb.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le m\u00e9decin et s\u00e9nateur Victor Biaka Boda n\u2019a pas seulement disparu dans la nuit du 27 au 28 janvier 1950. Il a aussi disparu de l\u2019histoire de la conqu\u00eate de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. Aucun manuel ne parle de lui, aucun monument n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 construit pour lui. Hormis le stade de Gagnoa qui porte son nom, rien n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 fait par la nation pour l\u2019honorer. Et pourtant, de mani\u00e8re significative, il prit part \u00e0 la lutte contre la colonisation, mena cette lutte sans ruse ni calcul et en paya le prix fort. En effet, Biaka Boda a \u00e9t\u00e9 assassin\u00e9 \u00e0 Bouafl\u00e9 par des suppl\u00e9tifs syriens de l\u2019arm\u00e9e coloniale fran\u00e7aise apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 tortur\u00e9 \u00e0 coups de ba\u00efonnette. C\u2019est plus tard qu\u2019on retrouva son corps sans t\u00eate et suspendu \u00e0 une branche d\u2019arbre. Comment tout cela arriva-t-il? Biaka Boda avait quitt\u00e9 Yamoussoukro. Il \u00e9tait en route pour Gagnoa quand son v\u00e9hicule tomba en panne \u00e0 quelques kilom\u00e8tres de Bouafl\u00e9. Il d\u00e9cida alors de passer la nuit dans cette ville. L\u2019Almamy Ali Diaby, qui avait accept\u00e9 de l\u2019h\u00e9berger, \u00e9tait-il de m\u00e8che avec les assassins de Biaka Boda? Toujours est-il qu\u2019il fut enlev\u00e9 et liquid\u00e9, cette nuit-l\u00e0. Sa mort ne sera officiellement annonc\u00e9e par la m\u00e9tropole que le 20 mars 1953. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jusqu\u2019au s\u00e9nat fran\u00e7ais<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Que reprochait la France \u00e0 Biaka Boda? Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019elle ne lui a pas pardonn\u00e9? D\u2019avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi intransigeant que Ruben Um Nyob\u00e8, F\u00e9lix-Roland Moumi\u00e9 et les autres leaders nationalistes de l\u2019Union des populations du Cameroun (UPC) qui voulaient une vraie ind\u00e9pendance, d\u2019avoir refus\u00e9 de se soumettre, selon un repr\u00e9sentant du Comit\u00e9 central de la France d’Outre-Mer qui s\u2019exprimait en 1952 sur sa mort (cf. Claude G\u00e9rard, \u2018Les pionniers de l’ind\u00e9pendance\u2019, \u00c9ditions Intercontinents, 1975). Biaka Boda repr\u00e9sentait l\u2019aile dure du Rassemblement d\u00e9mocratique africain (RDA). Malgr\u00e9 la pers\u00e9cution des leaders de ce parti par les colons, malgr\u00e9 les arrestations, brimades, emprisonnements et autres tueries (je pense entre autres \u00e0 la r\u00e9pression des manifestations de Bouafl\u00e9, le 21 janvier 1950), le s\u00e9nateur fustige les d\u00e9rives de la colonisation et appelle les villes qu\u2019il visite \u00e0 l\u2019insurrection. Mais c\u2019est \u00e0 Daloa qu\u2019il prononce, le 18 novembre 1949, le discours le plus virulent contre le colonialisme. L’administrateur Andr\u00e9 Buttavand avait us\u00e9 de tous les moyens (barrages dress\u00e9s sur la route, d\u00e9ploiement de la police et de la gendarmerie) pour emp\u00eacher le meeting de Biaka Boda dans la cit\u00e9 des antilopes. Excellent tribun et grand harangueur de foules, le s\u00e9nateur fait comprendre \u00e0 ceux qui sont venus l\u2019\u00e9couter que personne ne peut confisquer \u00e9ternellement la libert\u00e9 d\u2019un peuple et que la C\u00f4te d’Ivoire sera bient\u00f4t affranchie de la colonisation. \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, le RDA est un parti anticolonialiste qui n\u2019a pas peur d\u2019organiser des gr\u00e8ves, des marches et des manifestations pour protester contre les exactions de la colonisation. Des \u00e9meutes \u00e9clatent et se succ\u00e8dent dans le pays \u00e0 partir du 6 f\u00e9vrier 1949. Le 14 novembre 1948, le gouverneur Laurent P\u00e9choux est envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 Abidjan pour mater les insurg\u00e9s et \u201cpacifier\u201d la colonie. Le m\u00eame jour, Victor Biaka Boda est \u00e9lu au S\u00e9nat fran\u00e7ais dans le cadre de l\u2019Union fran\u00e7aise. Son \u00e9loquence, sa fermet\u00e9 et sa droiture lui attirent rapidement le respect et l\u2019admiration des s\u00e9nateurs. Il utilise la tribune du S\u00e9nat pour condamner la r\u00e9pression des manifestations pacifiques, pour d\u00e9fendre les int\u00e9r\u00eats des populations ivoiriennes, pour r\u00e9clamer l’alignement des pensions des anciens combattants d’Outre-Mer sur celles de la m\u00e9tropole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais qui est cet homme de petite taille n\u00e9 \u00e0 Dahi\u00e9pa-K\u00e9hi, le 25 f\u00e9vrier 1913 ? D\u2019o\u00f9 tire-t-il sa force et sa d\u00e9termination ? D\u2019o\u00f9 lui vient son courage ? Quelles rencontres a-t-il faites ? Victor Biaka Boda perd tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t son p\u00e8re et sa m\u00e8re. Il sera donc \u00e9lev\u00e9 par ses grands-parents maternels \u00e0 Biakou, village situ\u00e9 \u00e0 environ douze kilom\u00e8tres de Dahi\u00e9pa-K\u00e9hi. En 1920, il commence l\u2019\u00c9cole \u00e0 Gagnoa. Sept ans plus tard, il d\u00e9croche le certificat d’\u00e9tudes primaires \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires. En 1930, il obtient le brevet d’\u00e9tudes primaires sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9cole primaire sup\u00e9rieure de Bingerville. L\u2019\u00c9cole de m\u00e9decine de Dakar l\u2019accueille de 1931 \u00e0 1937. Il en sort avec le titre de m\u00e9decin africain. Il soigne ses premiers patients \u00e0 Nz\u00e9r\u00e9kor\u00e9. Pendant son s\u00e9jour en Guin\u00e9e, Biaka fait la connaissance d\u2019Ahmed S\u00e9kou Tour\u00e9, celui qui, le 28 septembre 1958, dira \u201cnon\u201d \u00e0 la communaut\u00e9 franco-africaine du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle. S\u00e9kou Tour\u00e9 dirigeait alors la section guin\u00e9enne du RDA, le plus grand mouvement d’Afrique occidentale qui \u00e9tait vent debout contre la colonisation. Biaka ne tarde pas \u00e0 adh\u00e9rer au RDA. Admis au comit\u00e9 directeur du RDA-Guin\u00e9e, il attaque le colonialisme chaque fois qu\u2019il a l\u2019occasion de s\u2019adresser aux militants de ce parti. L’administration coloniale commence \u00e0 surveiller ce jeune r\u00e9volutionnaire. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1947, il rentre en C\u00f4te d’Ivoire. Jean-Baptiste Mockey, Ouezzin Coulibaly, Jacob William, Mathieu Ekra, Dignan Bailly, Anne-Marie Raggi, Ren\u00e9 S\u00e9ry-Kor\u00e9 et d\u2019autres \u00e9taient d\u00e9j\u00e0 engag\u00e9s dans le combat contre l\u2019exploitation coloniale. Sans tarder, Biaka Boda se joint \u00e0 eux. En f\u00e9vrier 1949, huit responsables du PDCI-RDA sont arr\u00eat\u00e9s et incarc\u00e9r\u00e9s sans jugement \u00e0 la prison de Grand-Bassam. Le 24 d\u00e9cembre 1949, leurs \u00e9pouses et s\u0153urs marchent sur la prison civile de Grand-Bassam pour r\u00e9clamer leur lib\u00e9ration. Contrairement \u00e0 beaucoup d’autres qui se cachaient, de peur de subir le courroux des colons, Biaka Boda joua un r\u00f4le actif dans la mobilisation pour la lib\u00e9ration des prisonniers politiques. Devrait-on s\u2019en \u00e9tonner? Non car, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole d\u00e9j\u00e0, Biaka \u00e9tait per\u00e7u comme un esprit libre et contestataire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Grandeur<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Indiscutablement, Victor Biaka Boda est l\u2019une des plus belles \u00e9toiles qui aient brill\u00e9 dans le ciel ivoirien avant la pseudo-ind\u00e9pendance qui nous fut octroy\u00e9e, le 7 ao\u00fbt 1960. C\u2019est un h\u00e9ros et un martyr de la lutte anticolonialiste. Il est regrettable que sa famille biologique n\u2019ait jamais vu son corps, qu\u2019il n\u2019ait pas eu droit \u00e0 une s\u00e9pulture digne, que F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny et ses successeurs n\u2019aient pas daign\u00e9 reconna\u00eetre son sacrifice et honorer sa m\u00e9moire. Mort pour la patrie, cet homme ne peut continuer d\u2019\u00eatre ignor\u00e9 pendant que les rues, avenues et boulevards de la capitale \u00e9conomique portent les noms des \u201cAngoulvant, Clozel, Chardy, Nogu\u00e8s et autres massacreurs chamarr\u00e9s, les pires symboles de la colonisation\u201d (Marcel Amondji). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour le colon, Biaka Boda et les autres victimes de la violence et de la barbarie coloniales devaient dispara\u00eetre apr\u00e8s avoir fabriqu\u00e9 le miel parce qu\u2019ils refusaient de se truquer et de truquer la lutte. Le m\u00eame colon estimait en revanche que les autres, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire ceux qui se terraient chez eux quand \u00e7a chauffait et ceux qui trahirent le peuple en acceptant la soumission du pays \u00e0 la France, avaient le droit de go\u00fbter au miel, m\u00e9ritaient d\u2019\u00eatre honor\u00e9s et c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9s de leur vivant. Peut-\u00eatre le moment est-il venu de donner \u00e0 chacun sa vraie place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jean-Claude Djereke<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u2019est un h\u00e9ros et un martyr de la lutte anticolonialiste. Il est regrettable que sa famille biologique n\u2019ait jamais vu son corps, qu\u2019il n\u2019ait pas eu droit \u00e0 une s\u00e9pulture digne, que F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny et ses successeurs n\u2019aient pas daign\u00e9 reconna\u00eetre son sacrifice et honorer sa m\u00e9moire. Mort pour la patrie, cet homme ne peut […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43348,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[35,38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-panorama","category-portrait-decouverte"],"yoast_head":"\nS\u00e9rie sur les h\u00e9ros africains\u00a0: Victor Biaka Boda, martyr de la lutte anticoloniale\u00a0\u00a0 - Int\u00e9gration<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u00e9rie sur les h\u00e9ros africains\u00a0: Victor Biaka Boda, martyr de la lutte anticoloniale\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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